{"id":5226455,"date":"2021-01-24T14:38:11","date_gmt":"2021-01-24T12:38:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/blog\/?p=5226455"},"modified":"2026-02-22T17:18:57","modified_gmt":"2026-02-22T15:18:57","slug":"gripe-espanola-factores-de-su-expansion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/blog\/sociedad\/gripe-espanola-factores-de-su-expansion\/","title":{"rendered":"GRIPE ESPA\u00d1OLA factores de su EXPANSION"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 20px; border: 0px;\"  src=\"https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Gripe_Espanola-300x226.jpg\" alt=\"GRIPE ESPA\u00d1OLA\" width=\"300\" height=\"226\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-5228437\" title=\"GRIPE ESPA\u00d1OLA factores de su EXPANSION\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Gripe_Espanola-300x226.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Gripe_Espanola-768x579.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Gripe_Espanola.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>GRIPE ESPA\u00d1OLA factores de su EXPANSION y la PANDEMIA<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"OZONO en HOSPITALES\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/sectores\/empresariales\/hospitalario\/12\/\"  rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Analizan los factores porque favorecieron la expansi\u00f3n de la llamada GRIPE ESPA\u00d1OLA<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"COMBATIR ENFERMEDADES con OZONO\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/actualidad-interna\/combatir-enfermedades-ozono\/429\/\"  rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ello puede ayudar a establecer pautas de actuaci\u00f3n ante una posible pandemia similar<\/a><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">En el oto\u00f1o de 1918 Espa\u00f1a sufri\u00f3 la peor epidemia de gripe de la historia y tambi\u00e9n conocida como GRIPE ESPA\u00d1OLA.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La pandemia fue debida a un virus gripal tipo A (H1N1) y lo m\u00e1s probable de origen aviar y <strong>se extendi\u00f3 por todo el mundo en pocos meses<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Fue una de las epidemias m\u00e1s letales de la historia de la humanidad, hubo entre 50 y 70 millones de muertos en todo el planeta.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Un equipo de investigadores ha analizado los factores que favorecieron la expansi\u00f3n de la GRIPE ESPA\u00d1OLA.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Este trabajo puede ayudar a establecer pautas de actuaci\u00f3n en caso de una nueva pandemia infecciosa, como la de ahora con el COVID19<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Las estimaciones oficiales situaron la mortalidad debida a la gripe en Espa\u00f1a (1918-1919) en unas 169.000 personas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Empleando una serie de \u00edndices habituales para calcular la mortalidad directa e indirectamente relacionada con la enfermedad.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Este estudio indica <strong>la cifra de 260.000 fallecidos, lo que supone pr\u00e1cticamente el 1,5% de la poblaci\u00f3n total espa\u00f1ola en esa \u00e9poca<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Esta mortalidad se concentr\u00f3 en el periodo septiembre-noviembre de 1918 y supuso que la poblaci\u00f3n de Espa\u00f1a tuviese un crecimiento neto negativo ese a\u00f1o, hecho solo repetido en el a\u00f1o 1936.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>El virus responsable de la epidemia en realidad no se origin\u00f3 en Espa\u00f1a<\/strong>, como refleja el estudio.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El estudio analiz\u00f3 muestras de cad\u00e1veres de nativos Inuit fallecidos en Alaska, que es el origen de la GRIPE ESPA\u00d1OLA, concluye la investigaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Espa\u00f1a por ser un pa\u00eds neutral en la I Guerra Mundial, no censur\u00f3 la publicaci\u00f3n de los informes sobre la enfermedad y sus consecuencias.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Por ello, esa fue la raz\u00f3n de atribuir sin fundamento epidemiol\u00f3gico s\u00f3lido, el origen espa\u00f1ol a la epidemia.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La <strong>GRIPE ESPA\u00d1OLA se introdujo en Espa\u00f1a por el tr\u00e1fico masivo de trabajadores espa\u00f1oles y portugueses, a los campos franceses<\/strong> cercanos a los campamentos militares.<\/p>\n<p><big><strong><u>Errores cometidos<\/u><\/strong><\/big><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Los cient\u00edficos destacan algunos aspectos de inter\u00e9s para comprender la reacci\u00f3n de los espa\u00f1oles y de las autoridades sanitarias de la \u00e9poca, que pueden tener relevancia en caso de enfrentarnos a una nueva pandemia, como la de ahora el COVID19.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">As\u00ed, por ejemplo, <strong>las autoridades tardaron en actuar<\/strong> m\u00e1s de cinco meses en declarar formalmente la epidemia y los servicios de salud se vieron desbordados por el elevado n\u00famero de casos, vuelva a suceder ahora.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Ni el curso escolar ni el universitario se iniciaron con normalidad; se suspendieron algunas actividades p\u00fablicas pero otras no, sin criterio, lo que favoreci\u00f3 la expansi\u00f3n de la epidemia<\/strong>, como resultado sucedi\u00f3 en Zamora y otras ciudades al celebrarse actos religiosos masivos \u00abpara invocar la misericordia divina\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Como ejemplo en Barcelona, se tuvo que solicitar la ayuda del ej\u00e9rcito para transportar y enterrar a los muertos en octubre de 1918.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Los peri\u00f3dicos de la \u00e9poca, como es el caso de La Vanguardia, dedicaban sus primeras p\u00e1ginas a las esquelas y ten\u00edan una secci\u00f3n fija denominada \u00abLa epidemia reinante\u00bb.<\/p>\n<table border=\"3\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td bgcolor=\"#3b7cff\" height=\"25\" width=\"600\" align=\"center\"><strong><a title=\"Actualidad ACCION del OZONO\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/actualidad-interna\/accion-del-ozono\/423\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Noticias-Relacionadas.png\" alt=\"Noticias Relacionadas\" width=\"600\" height=\"25\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/strong>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><big><strong><\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td height=\"150\" width=\"250\"><a title=\"POST sobre el CORONAVIRUS COVID19\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/blog\/?s=coronavirus\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/CORONAVIRUS-300x180.png\" alt=\"GRIPE ESPA\u00d1OLA\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" style=\"margin: 10px 10px 0px 50px; cursor: hand; border: 0px;\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td height=\"150\" width=\"350\" style=\"text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\"><strong><a title=\"POST sobre el CORONAVIRUS COVID19\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/blog\/?s=coronavirus\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">POST sobre el CORONAVIRUS COVID19<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<tr>\n<td height=\"150\" width=\"250\" ><a title=\"POST sobre GRIPE\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/blog\/?s=gripe\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/CORONAVIRUS-300x180.png\" alt=\"GRIPE ESPA\u00d1OLA\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" style=\"margin: 10px 10px 0px 50px; cursor: hand; border: 0px;\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td height=\"150\" width=\"350\" style=\"text-align: left; vertical-align: middle;\"><strong><a title=\"POST sobre GRIPE\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/blog\/?s=gripe\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">POST sobre GRIPE<\/a><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td height=\"150\" width=\"250\" ><a title=\"GENERADORES de OZONO DESINFECCION y limpieza\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/actualidad-interna\/generadores-ozono-desinfeccion-limpieza\/565\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/imagenes\/actualidad\/generadores_ozono_desinfeccion_limpieza_1608155726.jpg\" alt=\"GRIPE ESPA\u00d1OLA\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\"  style=\"margin: 10px 10px 0px 50px; cursor: hand; border: 0px;\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td height=\"150\" width=\"350\" style=\"text-align: left; 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class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>GRIPE ESPA\u00d1OLA factores de su EXPANSION y la PANDEMIA Analizan los factores porque favorecieron la expansi\u00f3n de la llamada GRIPE ESPA\u00d1OLA Ello puede ayudar a establecer pautas de actuaci\u00f3n ante una posible pandemia similar En el oto\u00f1o de 1918 Espa\u00f1a &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/blog\/sociedad\/gripe-espanola-factores-de-su-expansion\/\">Sigue leyendo <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_5226455\" class=\"pvc_stats total_only  \" data-element-id=\"5226455\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon small\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ozono21.com\/blog\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":46969,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[7,48,15],"tags":[21,81,29],"class_list":["post-5226455","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-salud","category-sociedad","category-virus","tag-salud-2","tag-sociedad","tag-virus-2"],"a3_pvc":{"activated":true,"total_views":3108,"today_views":4},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast 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